Officially the Republic of Ecuador, it is one of the most diverse countries in the world, for which it has contributed notably in fields of environmental science, such as studies by Charles Darwin, Alexander von Humboldt and Charles-Marie de La Condamine. They became independent from España on October 9, 1820
Its economy is mainly based on the agriculture of cocoa, fruits, flowers and oil. One of its biggest exports is the Panama hat.
It shares borders with: Brazil, Colombia and Peru
- Capital: Quito
- Official Language: Spanish
- Population: 17,084,358 (2018)
- Area: 283,561 Km²
- Currency: Dollar (USD)